Genesis 44
Genesis 44 consists of a scene in which Joseph tests his brothers. Joseph gives his brothers a special reception and brings his younger brother, Benjamin, back to Egypt with them, and the next day he tests them by putting grain in their sacks along with his own silver cup and then sending them on their way. After the silver cup is found in Benjamin’s sack, the brothers are summoned back to Joseph again amid confusion and fear. This chapter is a very important turning point that shows the brothers’ change and sense of responsibility.
1verseHe commanded the steward of his house, saying, “Fill the men’s sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put each man’s money in his sack’s mouth.
2versePut my cup, the silver cup, in the sack’s mouth of the youngest, with his grain money.” He did according to the word that Joseph had spoken.
3verseAs soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they and their donkeys.
4verseWhen they had gone out of the city, and were not yet far off, Joseph said to his steward, “Up, follow after the men. When you overtake them, ask them, ‘Why have you rewarded evil for good?
5verseIsn’t this that from which my lord drinks, and by which he indeed divines? You have done evil in so doing.’”
6verseHe overtook them, and he spoke these words to them.
7verseThey said to him, “Why does my lord speak such words as these? Far be it from your servants that they should do such a thing!
8verseBehold, the money, which we found in our sacks’ mouths, we brought again to you out of the land of Canaan. How then should we steal silver or gold out of your lord’s house?
9verseWith whomever of your servants it is found, let him die, and we also will be my lord’s slaves.”
10verseHe said, “Now also let it be according to your words. He with whom it is found will be my slave; and you will be blameless.”
11verseThen they hurried, and each man took his sack down to the ground, and each man opened his sack.
12verseHe searched, beginning with the oldest, and ending at the youngest. The cup was found in Benjamin’s sack.
13verseThen they tore their clothes, and each man loaded his donkey, and returned to the city.
14verseJudah and his brothers came to Joseph’s house, and he was still there. They fell on the ground before him.
15verseJoseph said to them, “What deed is this that you have done? Don’t you know that such a man as I can indeed do divination?”
16verseJudah said, “What will we tell my lord? What will we speak? How will we clear ourselves? God has found out the iniquity of your servants. Behold, we are my lord’s slaves, both we and he also in whose hand the cup is found.”
17verseHe said, “Far be it from me that I should do so. The man in whose hand the cup is found, he will be my slave; but as for you, go up in peace to your father.”
18verseThen Judah came near to him, and said, “Oh, my lord, please let your servant speak a word in my lord’s ears, and don’t let your anger burn against your servant; for you are even as Pharaoh.
19verseMy lord asked his servants, saying, ‘Have you a father, or a brother?’
20verseWe said to my lord, ‘We have a father, an old man, and a child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead, and he alone is left of his mother; and his father loves him.’
21verseYou said to your servants, ‘Bring him down to me, that I may set my eyes on him.’
22verseWe said to my lord, ‘The boy can’t leave his father, for if he should leave his father, his father would die.’
23verseYou said to your servants, ‘Unless your youngest brother comes down with you, you will see my face no more.’
24verseWhen we came up to your servant my father, we told him the words of my lord.
25verseOur father said, ‘Go again and buy us a little food.’
26verseWe said, ‘We can’t go down. If our youngest brother is with us, then we will go down: for we may not see the man’s face, unless our youngest brother is with us.’
27verseYour servant, my father, said to us, ‘You know that my wife bore me two sons.
28verseOne went out from me, and I said, “Surely he is torn in pieces;” and I haven’t seen him since.
29verseIf you take this one also from me, and harm happens to him, you will bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to Sheol.’
30verseNow therefore when I come to your servant my father, and the boy is not with us; since his life is bound up in the boy’s life;
31verseit will happen, when he sees that the boy is no more, that he will die. Your servants will bring down the gray hairs of your servant, our father, with sorrow to Sheol.
32verseFor your servant became collateral for the boy to my father, saying, ‘If I don’t bring him to you, then I will bear the blame to my father forever.’
33verseNow therefore, please let your servant stay instead of the boy, my lord’s slave; and let the boy go up with his brothers.
34verseFor how will I go up to my father, if the boy isn’t with me?—lest I see the evil that will come on my father.”
Main Structure and Flow
- Joseph’s Test Preparation (Verses 1–5): Joseph, using the steward’s hand, has the silver cup and grain placed into the brothers’ sacks.
- The Brothers’ Detainment (Verses 6–13): After the silver cup is discovered in Benjamin’s sack, the brothers are all brought back before Joseph.
- The Brothers’ Explanation and Judah’s Plea (Verses 14–34): Judah mentions their father Jacob’s sorrow and earnestly asks to take Benjamin’s place, offering himself in Benjamin’s stead as a servant.
Overall Meaning and Message
This chapter is the final process in which Joseph tests whether his brothers have inwardly changed regarding the sins they once committed against Joseph. Unlike before, the brothers now try to protect one another, and in particular, Judah willingly offers himself in place of his younger brother Benjamin. This reveals important spiritual themes such as restoration within the family, responsibility, and the possibility of forgiveness.
Reflection Points
- Let us think back on the moment when I experienced change—when I put responsibility and love into practice.
- Let us consider whether I made a true decision to repent and change regarding my mistakes and wrongdoing.
Personal Application
- If there have been parts of me that avoided responsibility within my family, friends, or community, let us check whether I did so instead of facing them with courage.
- Let us also reflect on times when I sincerely forgave someone or sacrificed myself for someone else, and think about who today I can practice love and responsibility toward.
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