2 Samuel 12
1 Kings 12 is an important turning point in Israel’s history, when, after Solomon’s death, the kingdom is divided into the southern kingdom of Judah (Judah and Benjamin) and the northern kingdom of Israel (the remaining ten tribes). This chapter can be understood in three parts: Rehoboam’s failure, the circumstances that led to the division of the kingdom, and Jeroboam’s rise to power along with his policy of idol worship.
1verseThe LORD sent Nathan to David. He came to him, and said to him, “There were two men in one city: the one rich, and the other poor.
2verseThe rich man had very many flocks and herds,
3versebut the poor man had nothing, except one little ewe lamb, which he had bought and raised. It grew up together with him and with his children. It ate of his own food, drank of his own cup, and lay in his bosom, and was like a daughter to him.
4verseA traveler came to the rich man, and he didn’t want to take of his own flock and of his own herd to prepare for the wayfaring man who had come to him, but took the poor man’s lamb and prepared it for the man who had come to him.”
5verseDavid’s anger burned hot against the man, and he said to Nathan, “As the LORD lives, the man who has done this deserves to die!
6verseHe must restore the lamb fourfold, because he did this thing and because he had no pity!”
7verseNathan said to David, “You are the man! This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘I anointed you king over Israel, and I delivered you out of the hand of Saul.
8verseI gave you your master’s house and your master’s wives into your bosom, and gave you the house of Israel and of Judah; and if that would have been too little, I would have added to you many more such things.
9verseWhy have you despised the LORD’s word, to do that which is evil in his sight? You have struck Uriah the Hittite with the sword, have taken his wife to be your wife, and have slain him with the sword of the children of Ammon.
10verseNow therefore the sword will never depart from your house, because you have despised me and have taken Uriah the Hittite’s wife to be your wife.’
11verse“This is what the LORD says: ‘Behold, I will raise up evil against you out of your own house; and I will take your wives before your eyes and give them to your neighbor, and he will lie with your wives in the sight of this sun.
12verseFor you did this secretly, but I will do this thing before all Israel, and before the sun.’”
13verseDavid said to Nathan, “I have sinned against the LORD.” Nathan said to David, “The LORD also has put away your sin. You will not die.
14verseHowever, because by this deed you have given great occasion to the LORD’s enemies to blaspheme, the child also who is born to you will surely die.”
15verseThen Nathan departed to his house. The LORD struck the child that Uriah’s wife bore to David, and he was very sick.
16verseDavid therefore begged God for the child; and David fasted, and went in and lay all night on the ground.
17verseThe elders of his house arose beside him, to raise him up from the earth; but he would not, and he didn’t eat bread with them.
18verseOn the seventh day, the child died. David’s servants were afraid to tell him that the child was dead, for they said, “Behold, while the child was yet alive, we spoke to him and he didn’t listen to our voice. How will he then harm himself if we tell him that the child is dead?”
19verseBut when David saw that his servants were whispering together, David perceived that the child was dead; and David said to his servants, “Is the child dead?” They said, “He is dead.”
20verseThen David arose from the earth, and washed and anointed himself, and changed his clothing; and he came into the LORD’s house, and worshiped. Then he came to his own house; and when he requested, they set bread before him and he ate.
21verseThen his servants said to him, “What is this that you have done? You fasted and wept for the child while he was alive, but when the child was dead, you rose up and ate bread.”
22verseHe said, “While the child was yet alive, I fasted and wept; for I said, ‘Who knows whether the LORD will not be gracious to me, that the child may live?’
23verseBut now he is dead. Why should I fast? Can I bring him back again? I will go to him, but he will not return to me.”
24verseDavid comforted Bathsheba his wife, and went in to her, and lay with her. She bore a son, and he called his name Solomon. The LORD loved him;
25verseand he sent by the hand of Nathan the prophet, and he named him Jedidiah, for the LORD’s sake.
26verseNow Joab fought against Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and took the royal city.
27verseJoab sent messengers to David, and said, “I have fought against Rabbah. Yes, I have taken the city of waters.
28verseNow therefore gather the rest of the people together, and encamp against the city and take it; lest I take the city, and it be called by my name.”
29verseDavid gathered all the people together and went to Rabbah, and fought against it and took it.
30verseHe took the crown of their king from off his head; and its weight was a talent of gold, and in it were precious stones; and it was set on David’s head. He brought a great quantity of plunder out of the city.
31verseHe brought out the people who were in it, and put them to work under saws, under iron picks, under axes of iron, and made them go to the brick kiln; and he did so to all the cities of the children of Ammon. Then David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
The Division of Israel (Verses 1-20)
Rehoboam succeeds his father Solomon and takes the throne. The tribes in the north ask for relief from heavy taxes and forced labor, but Rehoboam ignores the advice of the elders and responds decisively following the harsh counsel of his younger officials. In the end, the ten tribes of northern Israel do not accept him as king and instead make Jeroboam king. Through this, Israel is divided into two kingdoms.
Tension After the Division and God’s Intervention (Verses 21-24)
Rehoboam tries to recapture the north through civil war, but God sends the prophet Shemaiah and commands the people of Israel not to fight among themselves. Judah obeys this word and stops the war. This shows that God’s will governs history beyond human plans.
Jeroboam’s Religious Reforms and Their Limits (Verses 25-33)
After taking the throne, Jeroboam fears that the people will go down to worship at the temple in Jerusalem, so he sets up gold calf idols at Bethel and Dan. He also changes the religious system to suit his political aims, such as appointing priests among ordinary people and altering the festivals. This is an event that shakes the very essence of faith, and it becomes the beginning of spiritual confusion in northern Israel.
Points for Meditation
- You can reflect on how much a leader’s decisions can affect the entire community.
- Think about what outcomes result when faith is compromised out of human calculations or anxiety.
- You can meditate on the idea that obedience sometimes means setting aside your own plans, through the obedience of Rehoboam’s army.
Try Applying It to Me
- I will take one more careful look at how my decisions will affect the people around me.
- I will choose to live prioritizing God’s will, without easily compromising the essence of faith because of circumstances.
- I will learn an attitude of obedience by listening to God’s guidance more than my own will.
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