Ruth 1
1 Samuel covers the birth background of Samuel, a key figure at an important turning point connecting the era of judges and the era of kings in Israel. The story unfolds centered on Elkanah, a devout man, his two wives—Hannah and Peninnah—and Hannah’s faithful attitude of praying to the LORD.
1verseIn the days when the judges judged, there was a famine in the land. A certain man of Bethlehem Judah went to live in the country of Moab with his wife and his two sons.
2verseThe name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi. The names of his two sons were Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Bethlehem Judah. They came into the country of Moab and lived there.
3verseElimelech, Naomi’s husband, died; and she was left with her two sons.
4verseThey took for themselves wives of the women of Moab. The name of the one was Orpah, and the name of the other was Ruth. They lived there about ten years.
5verseMahlon and Chilion both died, and the woman was bereaved of her two children and of her husband.
6verseThen she arose with her daughters-in-law, that she might return from the country of Moab; for she had heard in the country of Moab how the LORD had visited his people in giving them bread.
7verseShe went out of the place where she was, and her two daughters-in-law with her. They went on the way to return to the land of Judah.
8verseNaomi said to her two daughters-in-law, “Go, return each of you to her mother’s house. May the LORD deal kindly with you, as you have dealt with the dead and with me.
9verseMay the LORD grant you that you may find rest, each of you in the house of her husband.” Then she kissed them, and they lifted up their voices, and wept.
10verseThey said to her, “No, but we will return with you to your people.”
11verseNaomi said, “Go back, my daughters. Why do you want to go with me? Do I still have sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands?
12verseGo back, my daughters, go your way; for I am too old to have a husband. If I should say, ‘I have hope,’ if I should even have a husband tonight, and should also bear sons,
13versewould you then wait until they were grown? Would you then refrain from having husbands? No, my daughters, for it grieves me seriously for your sakes, for the LORD’s hand has gone out against me.”
14verseThey lifted up their voices and wept again; then Orpah kissed her mother-in-law, but Ruth stayed with her.
15verseShe said, “Behold, your sister-in-law has gone back to her people and to her god. Follow your sister-in-law.”
16verseRuth said, “Don’t urge me to leave you, and to return from following you, for where you go, I will go; and where you stay, I will stay. Your people will be my people, and your God my God.
17verseWhere you die, I will die, and there I will be buried. May the LORD do so to me, and more also, if anything but death parts you and me.”
18verseWhen Naomi saw that she was determined to go with her, she stopped urging her.
19verseSo they both went until they came to Bethlehem. When they had come to Bethlehem, all the city was excited about them, and they asked, “Is this Naomi?”
20verseShe said to them, “Don’t call me Naomi. Call me Mara, for the Almighty has dealt very bitterly with me.
21verseI went out full, and the LORD has brought me home again empty. Why do you call me Naomi, since the LORD has testified against me, and the Almighty has afflicted me?”
22verseSo Naomi returned, and Ruth the Moabitess, her daughter-in-law, with her, who returned out of the country of Moab. They came to Bethlehem in the beginning of barley harvest.
The Structure and Flow of Chapter 1
- Family story: In the opening, the family’s visit to the sanctuary for worship and sacrifices, as well as conflicts within the home (especially between Hannah and Peninnah), are introduced.
- Hannah’s prayer: The account describes Hannah, who is suffering because she has no children, earnestly praying to God. Hannah vows that if God gives her a child, she will offer the child to God.
- Meeting Eli: Eli, a priest in Shiloh, initially misinterprets Hannah, but in the end he delivers words of blessing.
- Response and fulfillment: Hannah receives a son, Samuel, in response to God, and gives him to God as promised.
The Meaning of This Chapter
Through the suffering and pleading of a woman and God’s response, this chapter dramatizes the birth of a person (Samuel) who will lead Israel in a new direction. It is also a turning point where an individual’s story expands to the national level, and a chapter that sets an example of faith and prayer.
Reflection Points
- In a situation of pain and despair, how do you see the prayer and trust that Hannah showed?
- Hannah faithfully keeps her vow (her pledge) before God and returns the blessings she received to God again. How is the practice of faith reflected in your own life?
Apply It to Me
- Reflect on whether you are honestly bringing to God the things you long for and the problems you are wrestling with.
- After receiving an answer, think about how you can return that grace to God again.
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