Numbers 3
Deuteronomy 3 continues Moses’ historical review. It recounts the defeat of Og king of Bashan, the distribution of land east of the Jordan, Moses’ encouragement to Joshua, and Moses’ plea to enter the land together with God’s answer.
1verseNow this is the history of the generations of Aaron and Moses in the day that the LORD spoke with Moses in Mount Sinai.
2verseThese are the names of the sons of Aaron: Nadab the firstborn, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
3verseThese are the names of the sons of Aaron, the priests who were anointed, whom he consecrated to minister in the priest’s office.
4verseNadab and Abihu died before the LORD when they offered strange fire before the LORD in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children. Eleazar and Ithamar ministered in the priest’s office in the presence of Aaron their father.
5verseThe LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
6verse“Bring the tribe of Levi near, and set them before Aaron the priest, that they may minister to him.
7verseThey shall keep his requirements, and the requirements of the whole congregation before the Tent of Meeting, to do the service of the tabernacle.
8verseThey shall keep all the furnishings of the Tent of Meeting, and the obligations of the children of Israel, to do the service of the tabernacle.
9verseYou shall give the Levites to Aaron and to his sons. They are wholly given to him on the behalf of the children of Israel.
10verseYou shall appoint Aaron and his sons, and they shall keep their priesthood, but the stranger who comes near shall be put to death.”
11verseThe LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
12verse“Behold, I have taken the Levites from among the children of Israel instead of all the firstborn who open the womb among the children of Israel; and the Levites shall be mine,
13versefor all the firstborn are mine. On the day that I struck down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt I made holy to me all the firstborn in Israel, both man and animal. They shall be mine. I am the LORD.”
14verseThe LORD spoke to Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, saying,
15verse“Count the children of Levi by their fathers’ houses, by their families. You shall count every male from a month old and upward.”
16verseMoses counted them according to the LORD’s word, as he was commanded.
17verseThese were the sons of Levi by their names: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
18verseThese are the names of the sons of Gershon by their families: Libni and Shimei.
19verseThe sons of Kohath by their families: Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel.
20verseThe sons of Merari by their families: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Levites according to their fathers’ houses.
21verseOf Gershon was the family of the Libnites, and the family of the Shimeites. These are the families of the Gershonites.
22verseThose who were counted of them, according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward, even those who were counted of them were seven thousand five hundred.
23verseThe families of the Gershonites shall encamp behind the tabernacle westward.
24verseEliasaph the son of Lael shall be the prince of the fathers’ house of the Gershonites.
25verseThe duty of the sons of Gershon in the Tent of Meeting shall be the tabernacle, the tent, its covering, the screen for the door of the Tent of Meeting,
26versethe hangings of the court, the screen for the door of the court which is by the tabernacle and around the altar, and its cords for all of its service.
27verseOf Kohath was the family of the Amramites, the family of the Izharites, the family of the Hebronites, and the family of the Uzzielites. These are the families of the Kohathites.
28verseAccording to the number of all the males from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand six hundred keeping the requirements of the sanctuary.
29verseThe families of the sons of Kohath shall encamp on the south side of the tabernacle.
30verseThe prince of the fathers’ house of the families of the Kohathites shall be Elizaphan the son of Uzziel.
31verseTheir duty shall be the ark, the table, the lamp stand, the altars, the vessels of the sanctuary with which they minister, the screen, and all its service.
32verseEleazar the son of Aaron the priest shall be prince of the princes of the Levites, with the oversight of those who keep the requirements of the sanctuary.
33verseOf Merari was the family of the Mahlites and the family of the Mushites. These are the families of Merari.
34verseThose who were counted of them, according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward, were six thousand two hundred.
35verseThe prince of the fathers’ house of the families of Merari was Zuriel the son of Abihail. They shall encamp on the north side of the tabernacle.
36verseThe appointed duty of the sons of Merari shall be the tabernacle’s boards, its bars, its pillars, its sockets, all its instruments, all its service,
37versethe pillars of the court around it, their sockets, their pins, and their cords.
38verseThose who encamp before the tabernacle eastward, in front of the Tent of Meeting toward the sunrise, shall be Moses, with Aaron and his sons, keeping the requirements of the sanctuary for the duty of the children of Israel. The outsider who comes near shall be put to death.
39verseAll who were counted of the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron counted at the commandment of the LORD, by their families, all the males from a month old and upward, were twenty-two thousand.
40verseThe LORD said to Moses, “Count all the firstborn males of the children of Israel from a month old and upward, and take the number of their names.
41verseYou shall take the Levites for me—I am the LORD—instead of all the firstborn among the children of Israel; and the livestock of the Levites instead of all the firstborn among the livestock of the children of Israel.”
42verseMoses counted, as the LORD commanded him, all the firstborn among the children of Israel.
43verseAll the firstborn males according to the number of names from a month old and upward, of those who were counted of them, were twenty-two thousand two hundred seventy-three.
44verseThe LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
45verse“Take the Levites instead of all the firstborn among the children of Israel, and the livestock of the Levites instead of their livestock; and the Levites shall be mine. I am the LORD.
46verseFor the redemption of the two hundred seventy-three of the firstborn of the children of Israel who exceed the number of the Levites,
47verseyou shall take five shekels apiece for each one; according to the shekel of the sanctuary you shall take them (the shekel is twenty gerahs);
48verseand you shall give the money, with which their remainder is redeemed, to Aaron and to his sons.”
49verseMoses took the redemption money from those who exceeded the number of those who were redeemed by the Levites;
50versefrom the firstborn of the children of Israel he took the money, one thousand three hundred sixty-five shekels, according to the shekel of the sanctuary;
51verseand Moses gave the redemption money to Aaron and to his sons, according to the LORD’s word, as the LORD commanded Moses.
The Battle Against King Og of Bashan (3:1-11)
Israel fights Og of Bashan and defeats him, as they had defeated Sihon. The reference to Og’s large bed emphasizes his formidable reputation, but the narrative presents even such strength as unable to stand against God’s purpose for Israel.
The Division of the Conquered Land (3:12-20)
The conquered regions east of the Jordan are given to Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh. However, these tribes are instructed to help the other Israelites until the land west of the Jordan is also received. The section emphasizes inheritance together with communal responsibility.
An Exhortation to Joshua (3:21-22)
Moses encourages Joshua by reminding him of what God has already done to Sihon and Og. Joshua is told not to fear, because the LORD will fight for Israel.
Moses’ Plea and God’s Response (3:23-29)
Moses asks to cross over and see the good land, but God refuses the request and tells him not to speak of it again. Instead, Moses is allowed to view the land from Pisgah and is commanded to strengthen Joshua. The passage shows the seriousness of God’s earlier judgment and the importance of preparing the next leader.
Meditation Points
- Past deliverance is used to strengthen courage for future responsibility.
- The east-Jordan tribes show that receiving a portion does not remove responsibility toward the wider community.
- Moses’ unanswered request invites reflection on obedience when God’s answer differs from personal longing.
Try Applying It to Yourself
- Remember past help as a basis for courage rather than fear.
- When your desire is not granted, consider how you can still serve faithfully and strengthen others.
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