Nehemiah 7
In Esther chapter 7, we see a climactic moment that hinges on the fate of the Jewish people, the Jewish nation. It includes the scene where Queen Esther finally reveals the threat facing her people, Haman’s plot is exposed, and Haman meets his downfall. This chapter begins with a second banquet attended by Esther, King Ahasuerus, and Haman, where Esther states the desire of her heart directly to the king.
1verseNow when the wall was built and I had set up the doors, and the gatekeepers and the singers and the Levites were appointed,
2verseI put my brother Hanani, and Hananiah the governor of the fortress, in charge of Jerusalem; for he was a faithful man and feared God above many.
3verseI said to them, “Don’t let the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun is hot; and while they stand guard, let them shut the doors, and you bar them; and appoint watches of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, everyone in his watch, with everyone near his house.”
4verseNow the city was wide and large; but the people were few therein, and the houses were not built.
5verseMy God put into my heart to gather together the nobles, and the rulers, and the people, that they might be listed by genealogy. I found the book of the genealogy of those who came up at the first, and I found this written in it:
6verseThese are the children of the province who went up out of the captivity of those who had been carried away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away, and who returned to Jerusalem and to Judah, everyone to his city,
7versewho came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah, Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, and Baanah. The number of the men of the people of Israel:
8verseThe children of Parosh: two thousand one hundred seventy-two.
9verseThe children of Shephatiah: three hundred seventy-two.
10verseThe children of Arah: six hundred fifty-two.
11verseThe children of Pahathmoab, of the children of Jeshua and Joab: two thousand eight hundred eighteen.
12verseThe children of Elam: one thousand two hundred fifty-four.
13verseThe children of Zattu: eight hundred forty-five.
14verseThe children of Zaccai: seven hundred sixty.
15verseThe children of Binnui: six hundred forty-eight.
16verseThe children of Bebai: six hundred twenty-eight.
17verseThe children of Azgad: two thousand three hundred twenty-two.
18verseThe children of Adonikam: six hundred sixty-seven.
19verseThe children of Bigvai: two thousand sixty-seven.
20verseThe children of Adin: six hundred fifty-five.
21verseThe children of Ater: of Hezekiah, ninety-eight.
22verseThe children of Hashum: three hundred twenty-eight.
23verseThe children of Bezai: three hundred twenty-four.
24verseThe children of Hariph: one hundred twelve.
25verseThe children of Gibeon: ninety-five.
26verseThe men of Bethlehem and Netophah: one hundred eighty-eight.
27verseThe men of Anathoth: one hundred twenty-eight.
28verseThe men of Beth Azmaveth: forty-two.
29verseThe men of Kiriath Jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth: seven hundred forty-three.
30verseThe men of Ramah and Geba: six hundred twenty-one.
31verseThe men of Michmas: one hundred twenty-two.
32verseThe men of Bethel and Ai: one hundred twenty-three.
33verseThe men of the other Nebo: fifty-two.
34verseThe children of the other Elam: one thousand two hundred fifty-four.
35verseThe children of Harim: three hundred twenty.
36verseThe children of Jericho: three hundred forty-five.
37verseThe children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono: seven hundred twenty-one.
38verseThe children of Senaah: three thousand nine hundred thirty.
39verseThe priests: The children of Jedaiah, of the house of Jeshua: nine hundred seventy-three.
40verseThe children of Immer: one thousand fifty-two.
41verseThe children of Pashhur: one thousand two hundred forty-seven.
42verseThe children of Harim: one thousand seventeen.
43verseThe Levites: the children of Jeshua, of Kadmiel, of the children of Hodevah: seventy-four.
44verseThe singers: the children of Asaph: one hundred forty-eight.
45verseThe gatekeepers: the children of Shallum, the children of Ater, the children of Talmon, the children of Akkub, the children of Hatita, the children of Shobai: one hundred thirty-eight.
46verseThe temple servants: the children of Ziha, the children of Hasupha, the children of Tabbaoth,
47versethe children of Keros, the children of Sia, the children of Padon,
48versethe children of Lebana, the children of Hagaba, the children of Salmai,
49versethe children of Hanan, the children of Giddel, the children of Gahar,
50versethe children of Reaiah, the children of Rezin, the children of Nekoda,
51versethe children of Gazzam, the children of Uzza, the children of Paseah,
52versethe children of Besai, the children of Meunim, the children of Nephushesim,
53versethe children of Bakbuk, the children of Hakupha, the children of Harhur,
54versethe children of Bazlith, the children of Mehida, the children of Harsha,
55versethe children of Barkos, the children of Sisera, the children of Temah,
56versethe children of Neziah, and the children of Hatipha.
57verseThe children of Solomon’s servants: the children of Sotai, the children of Sophereth, the children of Perida,
58versethe children of Jaala, the children of Darkon, the children of Giddel,
59versethe children of Shephatiah, the children of Hattil, the children of Pochereth Hazzebaim, and the children of Amon.
60verseAll the temple servants and the children of Solomon’s servants were three hundred ninety-two.
61verseThese were those who went up from Tel Melah, Tel Harsha, Cherub, Addon, and Immer; but they could not show their fathers’ houses, nor their offspring, whether they were of Israel:
62verseThe children of Delaiah, the children of Tobiah, the children of Nekoda: six hundred forty-two.
63verseOf the priests: the children of Hobaiah, the children of Hakkoz, the children of Barzillai, who took a wife of the daughters of Barzillai the Gileadite, and was called after their name.
64verseThese searched for their genealogical records, but couldn’t find them. Therefore they were deemed disqualified and removed from the priesthood.
65verseThe governor told them not to eat of the most holy things until a priest stood up to minister with Urim and Thummim.
66verseThe whole assembly together was forty-two thousand three hundred sixty,
67versein addition to their male servants and their female servants, of whom there were seven thousand three hundred thirty-seven. They had two hundred forty-five singing men and singing women.
68verseTheir horses were seven hundred thirty-six; their mules, two hundred forty-five;
69versetheir camels, four hundred thirty-five; their donkeys, six thousand seven hundred twenty.
70verseSome from among the heads of fathers’ households gave to the work. The governor gave to the treasury one thousand darics of gold, fifty basins, and five hundred thirty priests’ garments.
71verseSome of the heads of fathers’ households gave into the treasury of the work twenty thousand darics of gold, and two thousand two hundred minas of silver.
72verseThat which the rest of the people gave was twenty thousand darics of gold, plus two thousand minas of silver, and sixty-seven priests’ garments.
73verseSo the priests, the Levites, the gatekeepers, the singers, some of the people, the temple servants, and all Israel lived in their cities. When the seventh month had come, the children of Israel were in their cities.
Key Structure and Flow
- Verses 1–4: The king and Haman attend Esther’s banquet, and the king repeatedly asks Esther what she wants. Esther reveals that she and her people are facing a threat of destruction.
- Verses 5–6: When the king asks who the culprit is, Esther accuses Haman.
- Verses 7–8: As the furious king leaves the place, Haman begs Queen Esther for his life. When the king returns and it appears that Haman has treated Esther rudely, the king’s wrath toward Haman is confirmed.
- Verses 9–10: Instead of being spared, Haman ends up being killed by the gallows—the very structure Haman had prepared for himself—and the situation is reversed.
Overall Meaning and Characteristics
In Esther chapter 7, a turning point for deliverance unfolds dramatically. Esther decides not to remain silent in the moment of crisis by revealing her identity and the danger facing the Jewish nation in the presence of the king and Haman. The plot of Haman is also exposed, and the theme is highlighted that evil ultimately falls into its own schemes. Although everything seems to happen by chance, throughout the passage we can catch glimpses of the providential hand of God. Esther’s wisdom and courage, the king’s response, and Haman’s downfall are closely and organically connected. Although God’s name is not mentioned, it makes you feel God as the ruler who governs history.
Points to Ponder
- When difficulties come, what kind of attitude—like Esther’s—helps us respond with courage and wisdom?
- Even if evil appears to be gaining the upper hand, how can we live with trust that God’s will will ultimately be accomplished?
- As you think about how each person reacts in this scene, let’s also ask ourselves how I should act when a crisis moment comes.
Apply It to Yourself
- In difficult circumstances as well, let us discern when we should be silent and when we should speak, and hope that we will be able to step forward with courage to make our voice heard at the right time.
- Trusting providence even amid the hardships of life, may this week be one where you reflect on making right choices for yourself and for your neighbors.
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