Matthew 21
Matthew 21 begins with Jesus entering Jerusalem riding on a donkey. This fulfills the prophecy of the prophet Zechariah (Zechariah 9:9) and shows that Jesus came as the King of peace. The whole city is thrown into commotion, and the crowds welcome him, shouting that he is the “Son of David.” In this scene, Jesus reveals that, unlike Israel’s expectations of a worldly conqueror, he is the Messiah who comes to accomplish God’s will.
1verseWhen they came near to Jerusalem and came to Bethsphage, to the Mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples,
2versesaying to them, “Go into the village that is opposite you, and immediately you will find a donkey tied, and a colt with her. Untie them and bring them to me.
3verseIf anyone says anything to you, you shall say, ‘The Lord needs them,’ and immediately he will send them.”
4verseAll this was done that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying,
5verse“Tell the daughter of Zion, behold, your King comes to you, humble, and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.”
6verseThe disciples went and did just as Jesus commanded them,
7verseand brought the donkey and the colt and laid their clothes on them; and he sat on them.
8verseA very great multitude spread their clothes on the road. Others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road.
9verseThe multitudes who went in front of him, and those who followed, kept shouting, “Hosanna to the son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!”
10verseWhen he had come into Jerusalem, all the city was stirred up, saying, “Who is this?”
11verseThe multitudes said, “This is the prophet, Jesus, from Nazareth of Galilee.”
12verseJesus entered into the temple of God and drove out all of those who sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the money changers’ tables and the seats of those who sold the doves.
13verseHe said to them, “It is written, ‘My house shall be called a house of prayer,’ but you have made it a den of robbers!”
14verseThe lame and the blind came to him in the temple, and he healed them.
15verseBut when the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children who were crying in the temple and saying, “Hosanna to the son of David!” they were indignant,
16verseand said to him, “Do you hear what these are saying?” Jesus said to them, “Yes. Did you never read, ‘Out of the mouth of children and nursing babies, you have perfected praise’?”
17verseHe left them and went out of the city to Bethany, and camped there.
18verseNow in the morning, as he returned to the city, he was hungry.
19verseSeeing a fig tree by the road, he came to it and found nothing on it but leaves. He said to it, “Let there be no fruit from you forever!” Immediately the fig tree withered away.
20verseWhen the disciples saw it, they marveled, saying, “How did the fig tree immediately wither away?”
21verseJesus answered them, “Most certainly I tell you, if you have faith and don’t doubt, you will not only do what was done to the fig tree, but even if you told this mountain, ‘Be taken up and cast into the sea,’ it would be done.
22verseAll things, whatever you ask in prayer, believing, you will receive.”
23verseWhen he had come into the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came to him as he was teaching, and said, “By what authority do you do these things? Who gave you this authority?”
24verseJesus answered them, “I also will ask you one question, which if you tell me, I likewise will tell you by what authority I do these things.
25verseThe baptism of John, where was it from? From heaven or from men?” They reasoned with themselves, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will ask us, ‘Why then did you not believe him?’
26verseBut if we say, ‘From men,’ we fear the multitude, for all hold John as a prophet.”
27verseThey answered Jesus, and said, “We don’t know.” He also said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.
28verseBut what do you think? A man had two sons, and he came to the first, and said, ‘Son, go work today in my vineyard.’
29verseHe answered, ‘I will not,’ but afterward he changed his mind, and went.
30verseHe came to the second, and said the same thing. He answered, ‘I’m going, sir,’ but he didn’t go.
31verseWhich of the two did the will of his father?” They said to him, “The first.” Jesus said to them, “Most certainly I tell you that the tax collectors and the prostitutes are entering into God’s Kingdom before you.
32verseFor John came to you in the way of righteousness, and you didn’t believe him; but the tax collectors and the prostitutes believed him. When you saw it, you didn’t even repent afterward, that you might believe him.
33verse“Hear another parable. There was a man who was a master of a household who planted a vineyard, set a hedge about it, dug a wine press in it, built a tower, leased it out to farmers, and went into another country.
34verseWhen the season for the fruit came near, he sent his servants to the farmers to receive his fruit.
35verseThe farmers took his servants, beat one, killed another, and stoned another.
36verseAgain, he sent other servants more than the first; and they treated them the same way.
37verseBut afterward he sent to them his son, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’
38verseBut the farmers, when they saw the son, said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him and seize his inheritance.’
39verseSo they took him and threw him out of the vineyard, then killed him.
40verseWhen therefore the lord of the vineyard comes, what will he do to those farmers?”
41verseThey told him, “He will miserably destroy those miserable men, and will lease out the vineyard to other farmers who will give him the fruit in its season.”
42verseJesus said to them, “Did you never read in the Scriptures, ‘The stone which the builders rejected was made the head of the corner. This was from the Lord. It is marvelous in our eyes’?
43verse“Therefore I tell you, God’s Kingdom will be taken away from you and will be given to a nation producing its fruit.
44verseHe who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, but on whomever it will fall, it will scatter him as dust.”
45verseWhen the chief priests and the Pharisees heard his parables, they perceived that he spoke about them.
46verseWhen they sought to seize him, they feared the multitudes, because they considered him to be a prophet.
Cleansing the Temple and Miracles (Verses 12-17)
Jesus enters the temple and drives out the merchants, declaring that the temple must become a “house of prayer.” This shows that the temple—buried under religious tradition—had lost its original purpose. Next, he heals the blind and the lame and receives “Hosanna” from the children, but the religious leaders are displeased by it. Here, you can see Jesus’ authority and compassion, as well as his intention to restore worship to people with new meaning.
The Curse on the Fig Tree (Verses 18-22)
Jesus curses the fig tree that has no fruit. This incident symbolizes faith that may have outward devotion, yet is truly barren of fruit. Jesus emphasizes the importance of faith to his disciples and teaches that prayers asked in faith are answered.
A Debate Over Jesus’ Authority (Verses 23-27)
The chief priests and elders ask Jesus about the basis of his authority, but Jesus instead questions them about the issue of John the Baptist’s authority. Through this scene, Jesus reveals the hidden intent behind their surface-level question and shows that having the right understanding of him is the beginning of faith.
The Parable of the Two Sons (Verses 28-32)
Through the parable of two sons, Jesus compares those who only talk and do not act with those who initially refuse but later obey. This emphasizes that the reality of obedience matters more than appearances, and it tells us that those who genuinely repent and follow God’s will—like tax collectors and prostitutes—will enter the kingdom of God.
The Parable of the Wicked Tenants (Verses 33-46)
Using the parable of the tenants of a vineyard, Jesus points to the leaders of Israel who rejected and killed the prophets sent by God and even the Son (Jesus). In the end, when he says that the owner will give the vineyard to others who are qualified, he hints that God’s plan will expand into a new community. Through this, he warns against empty, formal faith and the consequences that follow.
Meditation Points
- You can reflect on how the way Jesus came and acted—peace, purity, and authority—differs from the way we expect.
- Along with outward devotion offered to God, you can also examine how important it is to have faith that bears fruit in everyday life.
- Remembering the meaning of true obedience and repentance—and that God’s kingdom is an open community—allows you to look back at yourself.
Apply It to Yourself
- Consider what attitude you take in receiving and putting God’s Word into practice, and whether real fruit appears in your faith.
- You can also reflect on how the authority and compassion Jesus showed, along with the grace that renews, is being applied to your daily life and faith journey.
- Check for yourself whether you are living a changed life—not only with the outward appearance of faith, but with inner sincerity and obedience.