Matthew 16

Passage overview

Mark 16 records the women discovering the empty tomb and receiving the announcement that Jesus has been raised. Verses 1–8 form the earliest ending preserved in some of the oldest manuscripts. Many Bibles also include verses 9–20 as the longer ending, often with a note about its textual history. A neutral commentary should therefore distinguish the empty-tomb narrative from the later manuscript ending while explaining the chapter’s central message of resurrection and proclamation.

1verseThe Pharisees and Sadducees came, and testing him, asked him to show them a sign from heaven.

2verseBut he answered them, “When it is evening, you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red.’

3verseIn the morning, ‘It will be foul weather today, for the sky is red and threatening.’ Hypocrites! You know how to discern the appearance of the sky, but you can’t discern the signs of the times!

4verseAn evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, and there will be no sign given to it, except the sign of the prophet Jonah.” He left them and departed.

5verseThe disciples came to the other side and had forgotten to take bread.

6verseJesus said to them, “Take heed and beware of the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.”

7verseThey reasoned among themselves, saying, “We brought no bread.”

8verseJesus, perceiving it, said, “Why do you reason among yourselves, you of little faith, because you have brought no bread?

9verseDon’t you yet perceive or remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many baskets you took up,

10verseor the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many baskets you took up?

11verseHow is it that you don’t perceive that I didn’t speak to you concerning bread? But beware of the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.”

12verseThen they understood that he didn’t tell them to beware of the yeast of bread, but of the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

13verseNow when Jesus came into the parts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying, “Who do men say that I, the Son of Man, am?”

14verseThey said, “Some say John the Baptizer, some, Elijah, and others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”

15verseHe said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”

16verseSimon Peter answered, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”

17verseJesus answered him, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father who is in heaven.

18verseI also tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my assembly, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it.

19verseI will give to you the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven; and whatever you release on earth will have been released in heaven.”

20verseThen he commanded the disciples that they should tell no one that he was Jesus the Christ.

21verseFrom that time, Jesus began to show his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things from the elders, chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and the third day be raised up.

22versePeter took him aside and began to rebuke him, saying, “Far be it from you, Lord! This will never be done to you.”

23verseBut he turned and said to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me, for you are not setting your mind on the things of God, but on the things of men.”

24verseThen Jesus said to his disciples, “If anyone desires to come after me, let him deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me.

25verseFor whoever desires to save his life will lose it, and whoever will lose his life for my sake will find it.

26verseFor what will it profit a man if he gains the whole world and forfeits his life? Or what will a man give in exchange for his life?

27verseFor the Son of Man will come in the glory of his Father with his angels, and then he will give to everyone according to his deeds.

28verseMost certainly I tell you, there are some standing here who will in no way taste of death until they see the Son of Man coming in his Kingdom.”

The Flow of the Main Contents

  • The women' visit and the empty tomb (verses 1-8): Some women who go to find Jesus' tomb discover that the tomb is empty and hear from an angel that Jesus has risen. In fear and amazement, they rush to share this news.
  • The appearance of the resurrected Jesus (verses 9-14): Jesus appears step by step to Mary Magdalene and other disciples. The disciples initially cannot believe this news easily, but they come to have faith because of Jesus' direct appearances.
  • The mission given to the disciples and the ascension (verses 15-20): Jesus gives the key disciples the mission, 'Go into all the world and preach the gospel to all creation.' Then, after Jesus ascends to heaven, the disciples work hard to carry out the proclamation of the gospel in accordance with that message.

The Meaning and Characteristics of the Entire Chapter

Mark 16 does not end with Jesus' suffering and death; instead, it proclaims a new beginning through the resurrection and presents hope that forms the foundation of the person of faith faith. It also suggests to us the possibility of change and a new life, through the portrayal of people who gradually accept Jesus' resurrection amid fear and doubt and are transformed into witnesses of that news.

In particular, this chapter emphasizes that the Gospel is not merely an event affecting individuals, but good news for the whole world.

Points for Reflection

  • When you first hear the news of Jesus' resurrection, reflect on the process by which the women and the disciples experienced fear and amazement, and how their faith changed.
  • Think about how the Gospel message may be fear for some people, but at the same time can become a new possibility and hope.
  • Take time to consider what the mission Jesus gave us (the preaching of the Gospel) means for us today.

Try Applying It to Yourself

  • Reflect on how you receive the message of hope that is given at moments you do not expect.
  • In your life, think concretely about how you might put into practice Jesus' mission of 'preaching the Gospel.'
  • When fear or doubt arises, take courage to move one step further, like the witnesses of faith.

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