Mark 4

Passage overview

Luke Chapter 4 is a very important chapter that signals the full-fledged start of Jesus’ public ministry. It is divided into three main parts: Jesus’ temptation, the proclamation in his hometown synagogue in Nazareth, and the gospel ministry in Capernaum. Overall, it is structured so that you can reflect on how Jesus carries out his mission as the Messiah and where his authority comes from.

1verseAgain he began to teach by the seaside. A great multitude was gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat in the sea and sat down. All the multitude were on the land by the sea.

2verseHe taught them many things in parables, and told them in his teaching,

3verse“Listen! Behold, the farmer went out to sow.

4verseAs he sowed, some seed fell by the road, and the birds came and devoured it.

5verseOthers fell on the rocky ground, where it had little soil, and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of soil.

6verseWhen the sun had risen, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away.

7verseOthers fell among the thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.

8verseOthers fell into the good ground and yielded fruit, growing up and increasing. Some produced thirty times, some sixty times, and some one hundred times as much.”

9verseHe said, “Whoever has ears to hear, let him hear.”

10verseWhen he was alone, those who were around him with the twelve asked him about the parables.

11verseHe said to them, “To you is given the mystery of God’s Kingdom, but to those who are outside, all things are done in parables,

12versethat ‘seeing they may see and not perceive, and hearing they may hear and not understand, lest perhaps they should turn again, and their sins should be forgiven them.’”

13verseHe said to them, “Don’t you understand this parable? How will you understand all of the parables?

14verseThe farmer sows the word.

15verseThe ones by the road are the ones where the word is sown; and when they have heard, immediately Satan comes and takes away the word which has been sown in them.

16verseThese in the same way are those who are sown on the rocky places, who, when they have heard the word, immediately receive it with joy.

17verseThey have no root in themselves, but are short-lived. When oppression or persecution arises because of the word, immediately they stumble.

18verseOthers are those who are sown among the thorns. These are those who have heard the word,

19verseand the cares of this age, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful.

20verseThose which were sown on the good ground are those who hear the word, accept it, and bear fruit, some thirty times, some sixty times, and some one hundred times.”

21verseHe said to them, “Is a lamp brought to be put under a basket or under a bed? Isn’t it put on a stand?

22verseFor there is nothing hidden except that it should be made known, neither was anything made secret but that it should come to light.

23verseIf any man has ears to hear, let him hear.”

24verseHe said to them, “Take heed what you hear. With whatever measure you measure, it will be measured to you; and more will be given to you who hear.

25verseFor whoever has, to him more will be given; and he who doesn’t have, even that which he has will be taken away from him.”

26verseHe said, “God’s Kingdom is as if a man should cast seed on the earth,

27verseand should sleep and rise night and day, and the seed should spring up and grow, though he doesn’t know how.

28verseFor the earth bears fruit by itself: first the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear.

29verseBut when the fruit is ripe, immediately he puts in the sickle, because the harvest has come.”

30verseHe said, “How will we liken God’s Kingdom? Or with what parable will we illustrate it?

31verseIt’s like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, though it is less than all the seeds that are on the earth,

32verseyet when it is sown, grows up and becomes greater than all the herbs, and puts out great branches, so that the birds of the sky can lodge under its shadow.”

33verseWith many such parables he spoke the word to them, as they were able to hear it.

34verseWithout a parable he didn’t speak to them; but privately to his own disciples he explained everything.

35verseOn that day, when evening had come, he said to them, “Let’s go over to the other side.”

36verseLeaving the multitude, they took him with them, even as he was, in the boat. Other small boats were also with him.

37verseA big wind storm arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so much that the boat was already filled.

38verseHe himself was in the stern, asleep on the cushion; and they woke him up and asked him, “Teacher, don’t you care that we are dying?”

39verseHe awoke and rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, “Peace! Be still!” The wind ceased and there was a great calm.

40verseHe said to them, “Why are you so afraid? How is it that you have no faith?”

41verseThey were greatly afraid and said to one another, “Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?”

Jesus’ Temptation (4:1-13)

Led by the Holy Spirit, Jesus goes into the wilderness and receives three temptations from Satan. Each temptation consists of temptation to material gain ("turn these stones into bread"), temptation to power ("the glory of all the kingdoms" ), and temptation to misuse prayer ("throw yourself down from the pinnacle of the temple"). In every temptation, Jesus answers with the word of God, showing that his mission is not about the world’s values or human methods, but solely in God’s will and God’s word.

The Proclamation in the Synagogue in Nazareth (4:14-30)

In the synagogue of his hometown Nazareth, Jesus reads the words of Isaiah ("Isaiah 61:1-2") and proclaims that they have been fulfilled in him. This is the event in which Jesus first publicly reveals his identity as the Messiah and his mission. However, the people of his hometown do not believe in Jesus and reject him. This shows that when the prophesied Messiah comes differently than people expected, they cannot easily accept it. Through the stories of the Gentile prophet Elijah and Elisha, Jesus emphasizes that God’s salvation and grace are not limited to a specific people or region.

Ministry in Capernaum (4:31-44)

Jesus moves to Capernaum, teaches on the Sabbath, and heals those who are possessed by demons. People are amazed that his authority is present in his teaching. Then he heals many people’s illnesses, including Simon’s mother-in-law. Jesus’ ministry shows that the kingdom of God has come in both his words and his actions. You can also see, at the end, that Jesus devotes himself to prayer and evangelism.

Points to Reflect On

  • Remember that Jesus won even amid temptation by using the word, and you can reflect on how important it is for us to hold on to the word in the midst of life’s temptations.
  • Through Jesus’ example of not giving up his mission even when he is rejected by his hometown, you can think about what it looks like to live a life without wavering in mission and identity.
  • As Jesus went to seek the sick and those possessed by demons, reflect on the fact that the power of the gospel still comes today to the weak.

Try Applying It to Yourself

  • When you face temptation, check whether training yourself to respond with the word is taking root in your life.
  • Take another look at what the mission the Lord has entrusted to you is, and what role you play in the place where you are.
  • Imitate Jesus’ service and healing; even if it is a small matter, respond sensitively to the needs around you.

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