John 12

Passage overview

Acts 12 is a chapter where persecution that struck the Jerusalem church and God’s miraculous work of salvation intersect. The text is made up of scenes in which Herod Agrippa I persecutes the church’s leaders (verses 1-5), the story in which Peter is imprisoned and then rescued by the angel’s guidance (verses 6-19), and the concluding section where Herod dies and the gospel continues to expand (verses 20-25).

1verseThen, six days before the Passover, Jesus came to Bethany, where Lazarus was, who had been dead, whom he raised from the dead.

2verseSo they made him a supper there. Martha served, but Lazarus was one of those who sat at the table with him.

3verseTherefore Mary took a pound of ointment of pure nard, very precious, and anointed Jesus’ feet and wiped his feet with her hair. The house was filled with the fragrance of the ointment.

4verseThen Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son, one of his disciples, who would betray him, said,

5verse“Why wasn’t this ointment sold for three hundred denarii and given to the poor?”

6verseNow he said this, not because he cared for the poor, but because he was a thief, and having the money box, used to steal what was put into it.

7verseBut Jesus said, “Leave her alone. She has kept this for the day of my burial.

8verseFor you always have the poor with you, but you don’t always have me.”

9verseA large crowd therefore of the Jews learned that he was there; and they came, not for Jesus’ sake only, but that they might see Lazarus also, whom he had raised from the dead.

10verseBut the chief priests conspired to put Lazarus to death also,

11versebecause on account of him many of the Jews went away and believed in Jesus.

12verseOn the next day a great multitude had come to the feast. When they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,

13versethey took the branches of the palm trees and went out to meet him, and cried out, “Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, the King of Israel!”

14verseJesus, having found a young donkey, sat on it. As it is written,

15verse“Don’t be afraid, daughter of Zion. Behold, your King comes, sitting on a donkey’s colt.”

16verseHis disciples didn’t understand these things at first, but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things were written about him, and that they had done these things to him.

17verseThe multitude therefore that was with him when he called Lazarus out of the tomb and raised him from the dead was testifying about it.

18verseFor this cause also the multitude went and met him, because they heard that he had done this sign.

19verseThe Pharisees therefore said among themselves, “See how you accomplish nothing. Behold, the world has gone after him.”

20verseNow there were certain Greeks among those who went up to worship at the feast.

21verseTherefore, these came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida of Galilee, and asked him, saying, “Sir, we want to see Jesus.”

22versePhilip came and told Andrew, and in turn, Andrew came with Philip, and they told Jesus.

23verseJesus answered them, “The time has come for the Son of Man to be glorified.

24verseMost certainly I tell you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains by itself alone. But if it dies, it bears much fruit.

25verseHe who loves his life will lose it. He who hates his life in this world will keep it to eternal life.

26verseIf anyone serves me, let him follow me. Where I am, there my servant will also be. If anyone serves me, the Father will honor him.

27verse“Now my soul is troubled. What shall I say? ‘Father, save me from this time’? But I came to this time for this cause.

28verseFather, glorify your name!” Then a voice came out of the sky, saying, “I have both glorified it and will glorify it again.”

29verseTherefore the multitude who stood by and heard it said that it had thundered. Others said, “An angel has spoken to him.”

30verseJesus answered, “This voice hasn’t come for my sake, but for your sakes.

31verseNow is the judgment of this world. Now the prince of this world will be cast out.

32verseAnd I, if I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.”

33verseBut he said this, signifying by what kind of death he should die.

34verseThe multitude answered him, “We have heard out of the law that the Christ remains forever. How do you say, ‘The Son of Man must be lifted up’? Who is this Son of Man?”

35verseJesus therefore said to them, “Yet a little while the light is with you. Walk while you have the light, that darkness doesn’t overtake you. He who walks in the darkness doesn’t know where he is going.

36verseWhile you have the light, believe in the light, that you may become children of light.” Jesus said these things, and he departed and hid himself from them.

37verseBut though he had done so many signs before them, yet they didn’t believe in him,

38versethat the word of Isaiah the prophet might be fulfilled, which he spoke: “Lord, who has believed our report? To whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?”

39verseFor this cause they couldn’t believe, for Isaiah said again:

40verse“He has blinded their eyes and he hardened their heart, lest they should see with their eyes, and perceive with their heart, and would turn, and I would heal them.”

41verseIsaiah said these things when he saw his glory, and spoke of him.

42verseNevertheless, even many of the rulers believed in him, but because of the Pharisees they didn’t confess it, so that they wouldn’t be put out of the synagogue,

43versefor they loved men’s praise more than God’s praise.

44verseJesus cried out and said, “Whoever believes in me, believes not in me, but in him who sent me.

45verseHe who sees me sees him who sent me.

46verseI have come as a light into the world, that whoever believes in me may not remain in the darkness.

47verseIf anyone listens to my sayings and doesn’t believe, I don’t judge him. For I came not to judge the world, but to save the world.

48verseHe who rejects me, and doesn’t receive my sayings, has one who judges him. The word that I spoke will judge him in the last day.

49verseFor I spoke not from myself, but the Father who sent me gave me a commandment, what I should say and what I should speak.

50verseI know that his commandment is eternal life. The things therefore which I speak, even as the Father has said to me, so I speak.”

Herod’s Persecution and the Church’s Prayer

Herod kills James, the brother of John, with the sword, and arrests Peter as well to gain favor with the Jews. Up to verse 6, it seems as though the church has no power, but at this point the community earnestly prays to God. This highlights how the church gathers strength through prayer even in the midst of persecution.

Peter’s Miraculous Rescue

From the prison that Herod guarded with strict security, an angel wakes Peter, loosens his chains, and Peter miraculously escapes the prison (verses 6-11). The church continued praying, and the believers are amazed at the scene in which Peter reaches the house of John, also called Mark, where people are gathered (verses 12-17). This shows how God’s power and the prayers of a community of faith work together.

Herod’s Death and the Expansion of the Gospel

In the latter part of Acts 12, we see that Herod dies after exalting himself in pride and receiving God’s judgment (verses 20-23). Then beginning in verse 24, it declares, “God’s word continued to spread and multiply,” showing that the gospel keeps expanding despite persecution.

Summary of the People and the Message

  • Herod: He took the lead in persecuting for political purposes, but ultimately received God’s judgment
  • James and Peter: One person is martyred, and one person is rescued, revealing God’s plan and sovereignty in different ways
  • The faith community: In a crisis, they experience the strength of faith by praying together

Points for Reflection

  • No matter how powerful human authority or persecution may be, the passage emphasizes that God’s will and work cannot be stopped.
  • In the image of a community that does not give up and continues to pray even in hardship, you can think about what the essence of faith truly is.
  • In the face of outcomes that martyrdom and salvation bring which cannot be explained by our own view of things, we can learn to trust in God’s sovereignty and providence.

Try Applying It to Me

  • When I face difficulties or oppression right now, I reflect on what kind of seed of possibility that could become for my faith and for the community.
  • I also check what it is like for me and the church to pray, and what kind of attitude I have while waiting for God’s response.
  • I remember that I can live with faith that does not judge God based only on results that look visible to human eyes, and with hope that the gospel continues in every situation.

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