Jeremiah 46
Jeremiah 46 begins with a prophecy of God’s judgment concerning Egypt and is the first chapter of the "prophecies about the nations" (Foreign nation oracles). By declaring not only God’s judgment on Judah but also God’s sovereignty and judgment over the many nations of the ancient Near East, it emphasizes that all nations are under God’s rule. This chapter mainly consists of prophecies regarding Egypt—especially its armies and Pharaoh Neco
1verseThe LORD’s word which came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the nations.
2verseOf Egypt: concerning the army of Pharaoh Necoh king of Egypt, which was by the river Euphrates in Carchemish, which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon struck in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah.
3verse“Prepare the buckler and shield, and draw near to battle!
4verseHarness the horses, and get up, you horsemen, and stand up with your helmets. Polish the spears, put on the coats of mail.
5verseWhy have I seen it? They are dismayed and are turned backward. Their mighty ones are beaten down, have fled in haste, and don’t look back. Terror is on every side,” says the LORD.
6verse“Don’t let the swift flee away, nor the mighty man escape. In the north by the river Euphrates they have stumbled and fallen.
7verse“Who is this who rises up like the Nile, like rivers whose waters surge?
8verseEgypt rises up like the Nile, like rivers whose waters surge. He says, ‘I will rise up. I will cover the earth. I will destroy cities and its inhabitants.’
9verseGo up, you horses! Rage, you chariots! Let the mighty men go out: Cush and Put, who handle the shield; and the Ludim, who handle and bend the bow.
10verseFor that day is of the Lord, GOD of Armies, a day of vengeance, that he may avenge himself of his adversaries. The sword will devour and be satiated, and will drink its fill of their blood; for the Lord, GOD of Armies, has a sacrifice in the north country by the river Euphrates.
11verseGo up into Gilead, and take balm, virgin daughter of Egypt. You use many medicines in vain. There is no healing for you.
12verseThe nations have heard of your shame, and the earth is full of your cry; for the mighty man has stumbled against the mighty, they both fall together.”
13verseThe word that the LORD spoke to Jeremiah the prophet, how that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon should come and strike the land of Egypt:
14verse“Declare in Egypt, publish in Migdol, and publish in Memphis and in Tahpanhes; say, ‘Stand up, and prepare, for the sword has devoured around you.’
15verseWhy are your strong ones swept away? They didn’t stand, because the LORD pushed them.
16verseHe made many to stumble. Yes, they fell on one another. They said, ‘Arise! Let’s go again to our own people, and to the land of our birth, from the oppressing sword.’
17verseThey cried there, ‘Pharaoh king of Egypt is but a noise; he has let the appointed time pass by.’
18verse“As I live,” says the King, whose name is the LORD of Armies, “surely like Tabor among the mountains, and like Carmel by the sea, so he will come.
19verseYou daughter who dwells in Egypt, furnish yourself to go into captivity; for Memphis will become a desolation, and will be burned up, without inhabitant.
20verse“Egypt is a very beautiful heifer; but destruction out of the north has come. It has come.
21verseAlso her hired men in the middle of her are like calves of the stall, for they also are turned back. They have fled away together. They didn’t stand, for the day of their calamity has come on them, the time of their visitation.
22verseIts sound will go like the serpent, for they will march with an army, and come against her with axes, as wood cutters.
23verseThey will cut down her forest,” says the LORD, “though it can’t be searched; because they are more than the locusts, and are innumerable.
24verseThe daughter of Egypt will be disappointed; she will be delivered into the hand of the people of the north.”
25verseThe LORD of Armies, the God of Israel, says: “Behold, I will punish Amon of No, and Pharaoh, and Egypt, with her gods and her kings, even Pharaoh, and those who trust in him.
26verseI will deliver them into the hand of those who seek their lives, and into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and into the hand of his servants. Afterwards it will be inhabited, as in the days of old,” says the LORD.
27verse“But don’t you be afraid, Jacob my servant. Don’t be dismayed, Israel; for, behold, I will save you from afar, and your offspring from the land of their captivity. Jacob will return, and will be quiet and at ease. No one will make him afraid.
28verseDon’t be afraid, O Jacob my servant,” says the LORD, “for I am with you; for I will make a full end of all the nations where I have driven you, but I will not make a full end of you, but I will correct you in measure, and will in no way leave you unpunished.”
Structure and Flow
- Verse 1: An opening statement about the nations
- Verses 2–12: A prophecy that foretells Babylon’s defeat in the Battle of Carchemish (the great army of Pharaoh Neco of Egypt would be defeated by Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, at Carchemish on the Euphrates River)
- Verses 13–26: Egypt’s future, especially another prophecy concerning Babylon’s invasion (connected to the coming destruction of Jerusalem)
- Verses 27–28: Words of comfort to God’s people, Israel (God’s protection and promise of restoration for Israel amid judgment)
Key Meanings and Message
- It shows that God is the sovereign ruler over not only Israel but also the nations.
- It declares that Egypt, too—one of the world’s great powers at the time—cannot escape God’s judgment. It demonstrates that it is God’s plan, not power or military might, that governs history.
- Right after the declaration of God’s judgment, a message of salvation and hope for Israel is given together, emphasizing God’s grace and faithfulness.
Points to Ponder
- You can reflect on whether you can trust the fact that immense external forces affecting your life (e.g., society, structures, environment) are under God’s sovereignty.
- As you pay attention to why judgment comes and how the promise of restoration is given, you can also reflect on whether God’s standards and grace accompany your life.
Try Applying It to Yourself
- Check whether you are truly placing the center of your life in God alone, rather than in the world’s powers that you rely on or fear.
- Even in suffering, you can hold on to God’s words of comfort, pray while trusting the hope and promise of restoration that are meant for you.