Jeremiah 25
Jeremiah 25 contains God’s message of judgment that the prophet Jeremiah delivered to Judah and to foreign nations. This chapter clearly points out that Jeremiah had proclaimed God’s word for 23 years (from the 13th year of King Josiah to the 4th year of King Jehoiakim), yet the people did not listen to it and did not turn away from their sin of worshiping idols. As a result, God declares that He will use Babylon’s King Nebuchadnezzar as His instrument to judge Jerusalem, all of Judah, and various foreign peoples.
1verseThe word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah (this was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon),
2versewhich Jeremiah the prophet spoke to all the people of Judah, and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem:
3verseFrom the thirteenth year of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, even to this day, these twenty-three years, the LORD’s word has come to me, and I have spoken to you, rising up early and speaking; but you have not listened.
4verseThe LORD has sent to you all his servants the prophets, rising up early and sending them (but you have not listened or inclined your ear to hear),
5versesaying, “Return now everyone from his evil way, and from the evil of your doings, and dwell in the land that the LORD has given to you and to your fathers, from of old and even forever more.
6verseDon’t go after other gods to serve them or worship them, and don’t provoke me to anger with the work of your hands; then I will do you no harm.”
7verse“Yet you have not listened to me,” says the LORD, “that you may provoke me to anger with the work of your hands to your own hurt.”
8verseTherefore the LORD of Armies says: “Because you have not heard my words,
9versebehold, I will send and take all the families of the north,” says the LORD, “and I will send to Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant, and will bring them against this land, and against its inhabitants, and against all these nations around. I will utterly destroy them, and make them an astonishment, and a hissing, and perpetual desolations.
10verseMoreover I will take from them the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp.
11verseThis whole land will be a desolation, and an astonishment; and these nations will serve the king of Babylon seventy years.
12verse“It will happen, when seventy years are accomplished, that I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation,” says the LORD, “for their iniquity. I will make the land of the Chaldeans desolate forever.
13verseI will bring on that land all my words which I have pronounced against it, even all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah has prophesied against all the nations.
14verseFor many nations and great kings will make bondservants of them, even of them. I will recompense them according to their deeds, and according to the work of their hands.”
15verseFor the LORD, the God of Israel, says to me: “Take this cup of the wine of wrath from my hand, and cause all the nations to whom I send you to drink it.
16verseThey will drink, and reel back and forth, and be insane, because of the sword that I will send among them.”
17verseThen I took the cup at the LORD’s hand, and made all the nations to drink, to whom the LORD had sent me:
18verseJerusalem, and the cities of Judah, with its kings and its princes, to make them a desolation, an astonishment, a hissing, and a curse, as it is today;
19versePharaoh king of Egypt, with his servants, his princes, and all his people;
20verseand all the mixed people, and all the kings of the land of Uz, all the kings of the Philistines, Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod;
21verseEdom, Moab, and the children of Ammon;
22verseand all the kings of Tyre, all the kings of Sidon, and the kings of the isle which is beyond the sea;
23verseDedan, Tema, Buz, and all who have the corners of their beard cut off;
24verseand all the kings of Arabia, all the kings of the mixed people who dwell in the wilderness;
25verseand all the kings of Zimri, all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes;
26verseand all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another; and all the kingdoms of the world, which are on the surface of the earth. The king of Sheshach will drink after them.
27verse“You shall tell them, ‘The LORD of Armies, the God of Israel says: “Drink, and be drunk, vomit, fall, and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.”’
28verseIt shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at your hand to drink, then you shall tell them, ‘The LORD of Armies says: “You shall surely drink.
29verseFor, behold, I begin to work evil at the city which is called by my name; and should you be utterly unpunished? You will not be unpunished; for I will call for a sword on all the inhabitants of the earth, says the LORD of Armies.”’
30verse“Therefore prophesy against them all these words, and tell them, “‘The LORD will roar from on high, and utter his voice from his holy habitation. He will mightily roar against his fold. He will give a shout, as those who tread grapes, against all the inhabitants of the earth.
31verseA noise will come even to the end of the earth; for the LORD has a controversy with the nations. He will enter into judgment with all flesh. As for the wicked, he will give them to the sword,”’ says the LORD.”
32verseThe LORD of Armies says, “Behold, evil will go out from nation to nation, and a great storm will be raised up from the uttermost parts of the earth.”
33verseThe slain of the LORD will be at that day from one end of the earth even to the other end of the earth. They won’t be lamented. They won’t be gathered or buried. They will be dung on the surface of the ground.
34verseWail, you shepherds, and cry. Wallow in dust, you leader of the flock; for the days of your slaughter and of your dispersions have fully come, and you will fall like fine pottery.
35verseThe shepherds will have no way to flee. The leader of the flock will have no escape.
36verseA voice of the cry of the shepherds, and the wailing of the leader of the flock, for the LORD destroys their pasture.
37verseThe peaceful folds are brought to silence because of the fierce anger of the LORD.
38verseHe has left his covert, as the lion; for their land has become an astonishment because of the fierceness of the oppression, and because of his fierce anger.
Key Structure of the Text
- Verses 1-7: A brief recollection of Jeremiah’s prophecy over 23 years and the people’s disobedience
- Verses 8-14: A warning of Babylon’s judgment upon Judah and various nations (70 years of exile)
- Verses 15-29: A symbolic act and a message that the cup of God’s wrath will fall upon every nation
- Verses 30-38: God’s declaration of judgment for the whole world and an end-times warning
Meaning of the Prophecy and the Overall Message
In this chapter, we are urged to feel sorrow for the people who do not turn back despite God’s repeated warnings, and to emphasize that God’s just judgment will surely be carried out through a process of discipline and restoration. The 70 years of exile are both discipline for Judah’s sin and also an indication that afterward Babylon would also be placed under God’s justice and receive judgment. This suggests that God rules over all nations and history, and that He gives each person and each community responsibility as well as opportunities for restoration.
Points to Ponder
- That God gives people time and opportunities to turn back through long warning and patience
- Remembering that God’s judgment is discipline for restoration, not merely destruction, and reflecting on your life
- Taking a universal perspective that God’s justice extends beyond one nation, Judah, to the entire world
Apply It to Yourself
Take a moment to check whether there are any parts of your own life where you listen to God’s word but turn away. As you consider how you should respond in the face of God’s patience and warnings, you can also reflect again on faith that clings to the promise of restoration even within discipline. Furthermore, reflect on your responsibility and role toward your neighbors and society, and hope that your life will draw even more closely to God’s will.