Ezra 10
Nehemiah 10 depicts a scene in which, after the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem is completed, God’s people renew their covenant before Him. The people who, in the earlier chapters (Chapters 8–9), confirmed the importance of the covenant through the reading of the Law, repentance, and a reaffirmation now sign the practical “covenant pledge.” In the first part of the chapter (verses 1–27), lists of the leaders, Levites, and priests who participate in the pledge are mentioned; in the following section (verses 28–39), the specific principles of life they promised—namely, keeping the Law, observing the Sabbath and appointed festivals, establishing proper relationships with foreigners, carrying out temple worship and sacrifices, and putting into practice acts of mercy and giving—are discussed in detail.
1verseNow while Ezra prayed and made confession, weeping and casting himself down before God’s house, there was gathered together to him out of Israel a very great assembly of men and women and children; for the people wept very bitterly.
2verseShecaniah the son of Jehiel, one of the sons of Elam, answered Ezra, “We have trespassed against our God, and have married foreign women of the peoples of the land. Yet now there is hope for Israel concerning this thing.
3verseNow therefore let’s make a covenant with our God to put away all the wives and those who are born of them, according to the counsel of my lord and of those who tremble at the commandment of our God. Let it be done according to the law.
4verseArise, for the matter belongs to you and we are with you. Be courageous, and do it.”
5verseThen Ezra arose, and made the chiefs of the priests, the Levites, and all Israel to swear that they would do according to this word. So they swore.
6verseThen Ezra rose up from before God’s house, and went into the room of Jehohanan the son of Eliashib. When he came there, he didn’t eat bread or drink water, for he mourned because of the trespass of the exiles.
7verseThey made a proclamation throughout Judah and Jerusalem to all the children of the captivity, that they should gather themselves together to Jerusalem;
8verseand that whoever didn’t come within three days, according to the counsel of the princes and the elders, all his possessions should be forfeited, and he himself separated from the assembly of the captivity.
9verseThen all the men of Judah and Benjamin gathered themselves together to Jerusalem within the three days. It was the ninth month, on the twentieth day of the month; and all the people sat in the wide place in front of God’s house, trembling because of this matter, and because of the great rain.
10verseEzra the priest stood up and said to them, “You have trespassed, and have married foreign women, increasing the guilt of Israel.
11verseNow therefore make confession to the LORD, the God of your fathers and do his pleasure. Separate yourselves from the peoples of the land and from the foreign women.”
12verseThen all the assembly answered with a loud voice, “We must do as you have said concerning us.
13verseBut the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand outside. This is not a work of one day or two, for we have greatly transgressed in this matter.
14verseNow let our princes be appointed for all the assembly, and let all those who are in our cities who have married foreign women come at appointed times, and with them the elders of every city and its judges, until the fierce wrath of our God is turned from us, until this matter is resolved.”
15verseOnly Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahzeiah the son of Tikvah stood up against this; and Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite helped them.
16verseThe children of the captivity did so. Ezra the priest, with certain heads of fathers’ households, after their fathers’ houses, and all of them by their names, were set apart; and they sat down in the first day of the tenth month to examine the matter.
17verseThey finished with all the men who had married foreign women by the first day of the first month.
18verseAmong the sons of the priests there were found who had married foreign women: of the sons of Jeshua, the son of Jozadak, and his brothers: Maaseiah, Eliezer, Jarib, and Gedaliah.
19verseThey gave their hand that they would put away their wives; and being guilty, they offered a ram of the flock for their guilt.
20verseOf the sons of Immer: Hanani and Zebadiah.
21verseOf the sons of Harim: Maaseiah, Elijah, Shemaiah, Jehiel, and Uzziah.
22verseOf the sons of Pashhur: Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethanel, Jozabad, and Elasah.
23verseOf the Levites: Jozabad, Shimei, Kelaiah (also called Kelita), Pethahiah, Judah, and Eliezer.
24verseOf the singers: Eliashib. Of the gatekeepers: Shallum, Telem, and Uri.
25verseOf Israel: Of the sons of Parosh: Ramiah, Izziah, Malchijah, Mijamin, Eleazar, Malchijah, and Benaiah.
26verseOf the sons of Elam: Mattaniah, Zechariah, Jehiel, Abdi, Jeremoth, and Elijah.
27verseOf the sons of Zattu: Elioenai, Eliashib, Mattaniah, Jeremoth, Zabad, and Aziza.
28verseOf the sons of Bebai: Jehohanan, Hananiah, Zabbai, and Athlai.
29verseOf the sons of Bani: Meshullam, Malluch, Adaiah, Jashub, Sheal, and Jeremoth.
30verseOf the sons of Pahathmoab: Adna, Chelal, Benaiah, Maaseiah, Mattaniah, Bezalel, Binnui, and Manasseh.
31verseOf the sons of Harim: Eliezer, Isshijah, Malchijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
32verseBenjamin, Malluch, and Shemariah.
33verseOf the sons of Hashum: Mattenai, Mattattah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, and Shimei.
34verseOf the sons of Bani: Maadai, Amram, Uel,
35verseBenaiah, Bedeiah, Cheluhi,
36verseVaniah, Meremoth, Eliashib,
37verseMattaniah, Mattenai, Jaasu,
38verseBani, Binnui, Shimei,
39verseShelemiah, Nathan, Adaiah,
40verseMachnadebai, Shashai, Sharai,
41verseAzarel, Shelemiah, Shemariah,
42verseShallum, Amariah, and Joseph.
43verseOf the sons of Nebo: Jeiel, Mattithiah, Zabad, Zebina, Iddo, Joel, and Benaiah.
44verseAll these had taken foreign wives. Some of them had wives by whom they had children.
The Flow and Meaning of the Whole Chapter
This chapter emphasizes the importance of communal decisions. The Jerusalem community turns away from past failures (disobedience to the Law, idolatry) and renews itself, dedicating its lives in order to restore its relationship with God. Not only leaders from every quarter, but also ordinary people—even children and women—join together in signing the “covenant.” This shows that a decision of faith expands beyond the individual and becomes part of the life of the whole community. In addition, by mentioning specific items for practice, it reminds us that faith should not remain only in abstract principles, but should lead to real changes in everyday life.
Points to Ponder
- Just as the Israelites who took part in the covenant did, let’s think about how our confession of faith can connect to our community.
- In our relationship with God, we can decide on a “personal pledge” that we will put into practice in our lives.
- When faith leads to concrete changes in life, let’s look forward to what spiritual fruit will appear in our community and in daily life.
Apply It to Me
- Before God, what life principles are you deciding to keep? Set a specific commitment you can put into practice.
- In the community (family, faith community, friends, etc.), what practices can you share your faith through and make promises about together?
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This is the last chapter of Ezra.