Daniel 9
Daniel 9 is a chapter that contains the historical circumstances of Israel, which had been taken into exile, as well as deep spiritual reflections and prophecies about the future. While the prophet Daniel is reading the book of Jeremiah, he realizes that the period of Jerusalem’s desolation will last 70 years, and he earnestly prays before God, confessing Israel’s sin. After that, Daniel receives a remarkable prophecy from the angel Gabriel concerning the restoration of Israel and Jerusalem.
1verseIn the first year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of the offspring of the Medes, who was made king over the realm of the Chaldeans—
2versein the first year of his reign I, Daniel, understood by the books the number of the years about which the LORD’s word came to Jeremiah the prophet for the accomplishing of the desolations of Jerusalem, even seventy years.
3verseI set my face to the Lord God, to seek by prayer and petitions, with fasting and sackcloth and ashes.
4verseI prayed to the LORD my God, and made confession, and said, “Oh, Lord, the great and dreadful God, who keeps covenant and loving kindness with those who love him and keep his commandments,
5versewe have sinned, and have dealt perversely, and have done wickedly, and have rebelled, even turning aside from your precepts and from your ordinances.
6verseWe haven’t listened to your servants the prophets, who spoke in your name to our kings, our princes, and our fathers, and to all the people of the land.
7verse“Lord, righteousness belongs to you, but to us confusion of face, as it is today; to the men of Judah, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to all Israel, who are near and who are far off, through all the countries where you have driven them, because of their trespass that they have trespassed against you.
8verseLord, to us belongs confusion of face, to our kings, to our princes, and to our fathers, because we have sinned against you.
9verseTo the Lord our God belong mercies and forgiveness, for we have rebelled against him.
10verseWe haven’t obeyed the LORD our God’s voice, to walk in his laws, which he set before us by his servants the prophets.
11verseYes, all Israel have transgressed your law, turning aside, that they should not obey your voice. “Therefore the curse and the oath written in the law of Moses the servant of God has been poured out on us, for we have sinned against him.
12verseHe has confirmed his words, which he spoke against us and against our judges who judged us, by bringing on us a great evil; for under the whole sky, such has not been done as has been done to Jerusalem.
13verseAs it is written in the law of Moses, all this evil has come on us. Yet we have not entreated the favor of the LORD our God, that we should turn from our iniquities and have discernment in your truth.
14verseTherefore the LORD has watched over the evil, and brought it on us; for the LORD our God is righteous in all his works which he does, and we have not obeyed his voice.
15verse“Now, Lord our God, who has brought your people out of the land of Egypt with a mighty hand, and have gotten yourself renown, as it is today, we have sinned. We have done wickedly.
16verseLord, according to all your righteousness, please let your anger and your wrath be turned away from your city Jerusalem, your holy mountain; because for our sins and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and your people have become a reproach to all who are around us.
17verse“Now therefore, our God, listen to the prayer of your servant and to his petitions, and cause your face to shine on your sanctuary that is desolate, for the Lord’s sake.
18verseMy God, turn your ear and hear. Open your eyes and see our desolations, and the city which is called by your name; for we do not present our petitions before you for our righteousness, but for your great mercies’ sake.
19verseLord, hear. Lord, forgive. Lord, listen and do. Don’t defer, for your own sake, my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.”
20verseWhile I was speaking, praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before the LORD my God for the holy mountain of my God—
21verseyes, while I was speaking in prayer—the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening offering.
22verseHe instructed me and talked with me, and said, “Daniel, I have now come to give you wisdom and understanding.
23verseAt the beginning of your petitions the commandment went out, and I have come to tell you, for you are greatly beloved. Therefore consider the matter and understand the vision.
24verse“Seventy weeks are decreed on your people and on your holy city, to finish disobedience, to make an end of sins, to make reconciliation for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy.
25verse“Know therefore and discern that from the going out of the commandment to restore and build Jerusalem to the Anointed One, the prince, will be seven weeks and sixty-two weeks. It will be built again, with street and moat, even in troubled times.
26verseAfter the sixty-two weeks the Anointed One will be cut off, and will have nothing. The people of the prince who come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end will be with a flood, and war will be even to the end. Desolations are determined.
27verseHe will make a firm covenant with many for one week. In the middle of the week he will cause the sacrifice and the offering to cease. On the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate; and even to the decreed full end, wrath will be poured out on the desolate.”
Verses 1-2: Historical Background and Daniel’s Understanding
Verses 1-2 explain the historical background leading up to the first year of King Darius. This was near the end of the Babylonian exile, and Daniel, while studying the writings of the prophet Jeremiah, learns that the desolation of Jerusalem will last for 70 years.
Verses 3-19: Daniel’s Prayer
Daniel makes a model prayer of repentance in which he deeply confesses his own sins and those of his nation and seeks God’s mercy. He acknowledges God’s justice and faithfulness, and openly confesses the sins committed by his forefathers and by the people of Israel. Daniel’s prayer shows the character of intercessory prayer for the entire community, going beyond personal piety.
Verses 20-23: Gabriel’s Visit and the Response
While Daniel is praying, the angel Gabriel appears and delivers God’s response. God says that he heard Daniel’s plea immediately and that he loves Daniel greatly. This section demonstrates God’s prompt and personal response to prayer.
Verses 24-27: The Prophecy of Seventy Weeks (70 Weeks)
Gabriel delivers a prophecy of “seventy weeks” (70 weeks) for Israel and Jerusalem. This period ends sin and transgression, brings about everlasting righteousness, and is a symbolic span concerning the restoration of Jerusalem, the appearance and cutting off of an “anointed one,” and later desolation. Interpretations of the seventy weeks vary. There are various interpretations about whether “weeks” in the text symbolizes actual dates as a unit of time and about the progression of the redemption-historical process, but at its core, it is proclaiming that God’s plan of redemption will certainly be fulfilled.
Meditation Points
- We can take Daniel’s attitude as our example: reading the words of prophecy carefully, understanding their meaning, and then immediately turning to prayer.
- Let us meditate on what kind of challenge it brings to us to confess the community’s wrongdoing as if it were our own sin and to seek God’s mercy.
- Remember that God’s response comes along with prayer, and at times in ways we do not expect.
Apply It to Me
- Take a look at whether I have the attitude to connect what I have read in and understood from God’s Word to prayer and daily life.
- Be formed as an intercessor not only through personal prayer, but for our community, our nation, and our era
- Trust the fact that even in my weakness, God loves me, and pray with courage in hope