1 Kings 18

Passage overview

2 Kings 18 records the reign of Hezekiah, the king of the southern kingdom of Judah, and the Assyrian invasion that took place during his era. As a king of Judah, Hezekiah is described as having acted faithfully and uprightly before God, following the example of his ancestor David (verses 1-8). In the latter part of this chapter (verses 9-37), the narrative focuses on the scene in which, after the fall of the northern kingdom of Israel, the Assyrians attack Judah, and on the story of the Rabshakeh of Assyria, who threatens Jerusalem and intimidates Hezekiah and the people.

1verseAfter many days, the LORD’s word came to Elijah, in the third year, saying, “Go, show yourself to Ahab; and I will send rain on the earth.”

2verseElijah went to show himself to Ahab. The famine was severe in Samaria.

3verseAhab called Obadiah, who was over the household. (Now Obadiah feared the LORD greatly;

4versefor when Jezebel cut off the LORD’s prophets, Obadiah took one hundred prophets, and hid them fifty to a cave, and fed them with bread and water.)

5verseAhab said to Obadiah, “Go through the land, to all the springs of water, and to all the brooks. Perhaps we may find grass and save the horses and mules alive, that we not lose all the animals.”

6verseSo they divided the land between them to pass throughout it. Ahab went one way by himself, and Obadiah went another way by himself.

7verseAs Obadiah was on the way, behold, Elijah met him. He recognized him, and fell on his face, and said, “Is it you, my lord Elijah?”

8verseHe answered him, “It is I. Go, tell your lord, ‘Behold, Elijah is here!’”

9verseHe said, “How have I sinned, that you would deliver your servant into the hand of Ahab, to kill me?

10verseAs the LORD your God lives, there is no nation or kingdom where my lord has not sent to seek you. When they said, ‘He is not here,’ he took an oath of the kingdom and nation that they didn’t find you.

11verseNow you say, ‘Go, tell your lord, “Behold, Elijah is here.”’

12verseIt will happen, as soon as I leave you, that the LORD’s Spirit will carry you I don’t know where; and so when I come and tell Ahab, and he can’t find you, he will kill me. But I, your servant, have feared the LORD from my youth.

13verseWasn’t it told my lord what I did when Jezebel killed the LORD’s prophets, how I hid one hundred men of the LORD’s prophets with fifty to a cave, and fed them with bread and water?

14verseNow you say, ‘Go, tell your lord, “Behold, Elijah is here”.’ He will kill me.”

15verseElijah said, “As the LORD of Armies lives, before whom I stand, I will surely show myself to him today.”

16verseSo Obadiah went to meet Ahab, and told him; and Ahab went to meet Elijah.

17verseWhen Ahab saw Elijah, Ahab said to him, “Is that you, you troubler of Israel?”

18verseHe answered, “I have not troubled Israel, but you and your father’s house, in that you have forsaken the LORD’s commandments and you have followed the Baals.

19verseNow therefore send, and gather to me all Israel to Mount Carmel, and four hundred fifty of the prophets of Baal, and four hundred of the prophets of the Asherah, who eat at Jezebel’s table.”

20verseSo Ahab sent to all the children of Israel, and gathered the prophets together to Mount Carmel.

21verseElijah came near to all the people, and said, “How long will you waver between the two sides? If the LORD is God, follow him; but if Baal, then follow him.” The people didn’t say a word.

22verseThen Elijah said to the people, “I, even I only, am left as a prophet of the LORD; but Baal’s prophets are four hundred fifty men.

23verseLet them therefore give us two bulls; and let them choose one bull for themselves, and cut it in pieces, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under; and I will dress the other bull, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under it.

24verseYou call on the name of your god, and I will call on the LORD’s name. The God who answers by fire, let him be God.” All the people answered, “What you say is good.”

25verseElijah said to the prophets of Baal, “Choose one bull for yourselves, and dress it first, for you are many; and call on the name of your god, but put no fire under it.”

26verseThey took the bull which was given them, and they dressed it, and called on the name of Baal from morning even until noon, saying, “Baal, hear us!” But there was no voice, and nobody answered. They leaped about the altar which was made.

27verseAt noon, Elijah mocked them, and said, “Cry aloud, for he is a god. Either he is deep in thought, or he has gone somewhere, or he is on a journey, or perhaps he sleeps and must be awakened.”

28verseThey cried aloud, and cut themselves in their way with knives and lances until the blood gushed out on them.

29verseWhen midday was past, they prophesied until the time of the evening offering; but there was no voice, no answer, and nobody paid attention.

30verseElijah said to all the people, “Come near to me!”; and all the people came near to him. He repaired the LORD’s altar that had been thrown down.

31verseElijah took twelve stones, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, to whom the LORD’s word came, saying, “Israel shall be your name.”

32verseWith the stones he built an altar in the LORD’s name. He made a trench around the altar large enough to contain two seahs of seed.

33verseHe put the wood in order, and cut the bull in pieces and laid it on the wood. He said, “Fill four jars with water, and pour it on the burnt offering and on the wood.”

34verseHe said, “Do it a second time;” and they did it the second time. He said, “Do it a third time;” and they did it the third time.

35verseThe water ran around the altar; and he also filled the trench with water.

36verseAt the time of the evening offering, Elijah the prophet came near and said, “LORD, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Israel, let it be known today that you are God in Israel and that I am your servant, and that I have done all these things at your word.

37verseHear me, LORD, hear me, that this people may know that you, LORD, are God, and that you have turned their heart back again.”

38verseThen the LORD’s fire fell and consumed the burnt offering, the wood, the stones, and the dust; and it licked up the water that was in the trench.

39verseWhen all the people saw it, they fell on their faces. They said, “The LORD, he is God! The LORD, he is God!”

40verseElijah said to them, “Seize the prophets of Baal! Don’t let one of them escape!” They seized them; and Elijah brought them down to the brook Kishon, and killed them there.

41verseElijah said to Ahab, “Get up, eat and drink; for there is the sound of abundance of rain.”

42verseSo Ahab went up to eat and to drink. Elijah went up to the top of Carmel; and he bowed himself down on the earth, and put his face between his knees.

43verseHe said to his servant, “Go up now and look toward the sea.” He went up and looked, then said, “There is nothing.” He said, “Go again” seven times.

44verseOn the seventh time, he said, “Behold, a small cloud, like a man’s hand, is rising out of the sea.” He said, “Go up, tell Ahab, ‘Get ready and go down, so that the rain doesn’t stop you.’”

45verseIn a little while, the sky grew black with clouds and wind, and there was a great rain. Ahab rode, and went to Jezreel.

46verseThe LORD’s hand was on Elijah; and he tucked his cloak into his belt and ran before Ahab to the entrance of Jezreel.

Hezekiah's Spiritual Reforms (Verses 1-8)

Right after taking the throne, Hezekiah carries out spiritual reforms to thoroughly remove the high places and idols. In particular, even the bronze serpent that had been passed down since Moses’ time became an object of idol worship, so he breaks it in pieces. Hezekiah trusted above all in the Lord and provides an unparalleled example of faith among the kings of Judah. His example suggests how important “trust” is, even amid the crisis that Israel and Judah faced at the time.

Assyrian Invasion and Threat (Verses 9-16)

In 2 Kings 18, after briefly mentioning the scene of the northern kingdom of Israel being destroyed by Assyria (verses 9-12), it reports how Assyria is expanding its power into Judah. Hezekiah was under such heavy pressure that he had to strip the gold from the temple and the royal palace in order to pay tribute to the king of Assyria. This section shows what decisions a leader is forced to make amid external threats and realistic fear.

Rabshakeh’s Threat and the People’s Response (Verses 17-37)

The scene depicts the Assyrian commander Rabshakeh coming with a large force all the way in front of Jerusalem and hurling words of mockery and threats at King Hezekiah and the people of Jerusalem (verses 17-37). He mocks the people of Judah for thinking Hezekiah’s “trust in God” is in vain and urges them to surrender. However, Hezekiah’s officials and the people remain silent as the king commanded, refusing to answer Rabshakeh’s intimidation—this is what appears.

Points to Reflect On

  • Think about when you need to clearly define the object of “trust” in your life, just as Hezekiah did.
  • When external threats and fear of reality come, where are we headed toward?
  • When we are mocked and blamed in our place of faith, remember the attitude of Hezekiah and the people, who kept silent before the threat and, in the following narrative, sought God’s help.

Try Applying It to Yourself

  • When I face a complicated and difficult reality, I reflect on whether I have the courage to hold on to the essence of faith.
  • When mockery, pressure, and fear come rushing in, I check what kind of attitude my words and actions showed, and ask for strength to move forward in trust rather than fear.

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